Descriptions of the major social security reforms in social protection schemes worldwide since 1995, including information on existing and planned changes to social security systems. Social security reforms are compiled by the ISSA Social Security Observatory.
Despite rejection from the Senate and a lack of presidential endorsement, the Czech Lower House passed the government's main pension reform bill on 11 September 2011.
The Chinese Premier announced on 1 June 2011 a new pilot on urban resident social pension insurance programme to be implemented as of 1 July 2011, which is expected to cover 60 per cent of China and basically benefit all uninsured urban residents by the end of 2012.
In accordance with the Social Security Regulatory Authority Act of 2008 (see entry 3956), the Tanzanian government officially inaugurated the Social Security Regulatory Authority in March 2011.
The Philippines recently implemented the Expanded Senior Citizens Act which exempts senior citizens from the payment of the 12 per cent value-added tax (VAT) on certain goods and services.
On 11 March 2011, a devastating earthquake with a Magnitude of 9.0 struck off the north‑eastern pacific shore of Japan. The earthquake, subsequent tsunami and numerous aftershocks caused tremendous damage across a wide area centred on the Tohoku district.